Archeological Evidence Supports the Following:

2.5 Million BC   Hominids as "australipithecus". (Ape-men)
                 (may exist as a few varieties)

1.6              Homo Habilis, the "Tool maker" (the tools are stones)

1.0              Homo Erectus. ("Upright walker")
                   Migration across a green Sahara about 900,000 BC

200,000          Homo Sapiens Sapiens in East Africa Rift Valley.

110,000          Last "Ice Age" begins.

 90,000          2nd Migration (Sahara is green again) ->  Near East
 
 40,000          First racial split: Europe/Asia with South Pacific
                       (skin is still dark in all groups)

 35,000          Second racial split: Europe (Caucasian) with Asian
                     (Oriental). Skin in both groups will lighten as 
                     they migrate north to colder climates.

 30,000          Arrival of Homo Sapiens in Australia (dark skin)

 28,000          Migration to Americas: last race to appear: Red
                     ("red" breaks off from Oriental) 

  The first migration, Homo Erectus, will migrate to most of the world, 
except for the Western hemisphere and South Pacific. 
  From Erectus, Homo Neanderthal will appear about 135,000 and will be 
existing when Homo Sapiens of the 2nd migration (beginning in 90,000) 
arrives, but lose out and disappear in 35,000. Neanderthals are cold 
adapted, short legged, brawny (Stupid looking, but not stupid). Vocal 
apparatus believed to be poorly developed but with some communicative 
skill.
  As the early humans migrate northward (as glaciers retreat) the cold 
requires covering (animal skins) which diminishes sun exposure, which 
will give a survival advantage to lighter skin for the absorption of 
necessary Vitamin D.

  Sapiens, being taller, thinner, and (in the beginning) not cold 
adapted, will prevail probably because improved communication will 
result in a more successful cooperative hunt. An improved stone blade 
technology will also help. The slowness to cold adapt will delay the 
Sapiens dominance over Neanderthal.

  Could Neanderthal breed with Sapiens? Possible but unknown. Both 
Neanderthal and Sapiens descend from the Erectus stock, some of which 
cross the Sahara (in the first migration) and some of which stay behind. 
By the time what stays behind crosses - now as Sapiens - Neanderthal may 
have diverged sufficiently to be a separate species. If so, then 
Neanderthal could "mate" with Sapiens but not produce fertile offspring.

  The migrations across the Sahara (going down the Nile would have been 
a more difficult route) in 900,000 and 90,000 coincide with climactic 
changes in which the Sahara is green. Early man, following game, "eats" 
his way across in each case. In fact, it is a desire to follow the herd 
that results in a trans-Saharan migration, not a desire to "explore a new 
world".

  The last ice age terminated in 9,600 BC, and about 28,000 BC seems the 
appropriate time at which the northeast Asians ate their way across the 
Bering land bridge to become America's Indians and Eskimos. Some 
evidence suggests an even earlier migration across the Bering bridge, 
which is now submerged beneath the Bering Strait.

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